Fanny Mendelssohn Hensel wrote several large-scale works as well as many Lieder. His works for orchestra and chamber ensembles intermingle high Romantic sensibility and fineness of touch with reverence for the formal schemes that he inherited primarily from Beethoven and Mozart. In this question and answer series, Russell gives his take on your burning questions about classical music. And it did. This concert will be followed by a free screening of Bach, Mendelssohn and the St. Matthew Passion at 4pm. Elijah, for all its traditionalism, is a work of enormous solidity, with many passages of melodic strength and dramatic power. That's a family and half. Elijah, the Prophet, sends a little boy up a hill overlooking the sea to look for rain. God is our refuge and strength, an ever-present help in trouble. The four children – Fanny, Felix, Paul, Rebecka received the finest education possible. Originally from Dayton, Ohio, she is a children's literature aficionado and Mendelssohn 4 enthusiast. 1 (Spring 1999), pp. The [Self-] Identification of Mendelssohn as Jew 191 also often came from sources close to home, as was true in Mendelssohn's case. "I have been 'round Scotland in a boat! See Todd, Mendelssohn, pp. A talented visual artist, he was a refined connoisseur of literature and philosophy. The great German-Jewish philosopher Moses Mendelssohn (1729–1781) was and remains a perplexing, rather sad, enigma. Other than history buffs, few people would associate R. Akiva Eiger (RAE) with Moses Mendelssohn. 1 (Spring 1998), p. 194 and n. 29. You see, the Wagners are one of those families who are always fighting, specifically over who gets to run the famous Bayreuth Festival. Best of The New York Review, plus books, events, and other items of interest. ↩, See Todd, Mendelssohn and His World, p. ix. Beyond his critique of Werner, Sposato goes on to claim that Mendelssohn, far from holding firmly to his Jewish roots, sincerely embraced Protestantism and “tried to distance himself from his heritage as much as possible.”13 He finds support for this view not only in letters but in Mendelssohn’s treatment of the Jews in the librettos of his choral works Moses, St. Paul, Elijah, and Christus (an unfinished oratorio on the birth and Passion of Christ). Todd carefully discusses many different phases of Mendelssohn’s music. The high point of Mendelssohn’s career was the triumphant premiere of his oratorio _____ in England. Other than history buffs, few people would associate R. Akiva Eiger (RAE) with Moses Mendelssohn. Moses's son Abraham Mendelssohn wrote in 1829 (to Felix), "My father felt that the name Moses Ben Mendel Dessau would handicap him in gaining the needed access to those who had the better education at their disposal. 2 (Summer 1999). But the situation is more subtle than it may appear at first. 28)Which of the following statements is not true of the Romantic art song? ↩, For an excellent introduction to these and other works see Greg Vitercik, The Early Works of Felix Mendelssohn (Philadelphia: Gordon and Breach, 1992). The result is a roll-call of … One of them, Cosima, married Richard Wagner. Thus St. Paul “is filled with common nineteenth-century stereotypes of the Jews as a ‘stiff-necked’ people dedicated to the word, rather than the spirit, of the law.” Sposato argues, and Todd agrees, that for St. Paul Mendelssohn rejected less anti-Semitic texts than the ones he finally chose. Felix Mendelssohn was born into a prominent and highly cultivated German-Jewish family. Robert and Clara Schumann also had a large family. His grandfather, Moses Mendelssohn (1729–1786), was the most famous Jewish philosopher of the eighteenth century, a celebrated writer, friend of Lessing, and defender of religious tolerance. By itself this overstatement might pass, but Sposato catches other, similar errors in the book. For International Women's Day this year we asked twelve leading Jewish women to tell us which women had inspired them. ISBN 1843751305 (paperback). Paul (1836) and Elijah. The Mendelssohn family money guaranteed that the young Felix was well going to be well educated, but he was also an excellent painter of delicate watercolours. During the final years of Ottoman rule in Palestine, Muhammad Ruhi al- Khalidi, a Muslim Arab from a distinguished family in Jerusalem, wrote a manuscript about Jewish history and Zionism; al-Khalidi’s understanding of what he dubs ‘‘Mendelssohn’s theory’’ is central to … For a concise evaluation of both versions see John Michael Cooper, Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy: A Guide to Research (Routledge, 2001), pp. His grandfather, Moses Mendelssohn (1729–1786), was the most famous Jewish philosopher of the eighteenth century, a celebrated writer, friend of Lessing, and defender of religious tolerance. 82, No. Has he been around Scotland in a boat? Therefore we will not fear, though the earth give way and the mountains fall into the heart of the sea, though its waters roar and foam and the mountains quake with their surging. (Wikimedia Commons: Johann Nepomuk della Croce). As Steinberg also shrewdly notes, “As…with most scholarly controversies, there is trouble both at the level of the facts and at the level of interpretation.”16 He is surely right. The Mercedes Unimog is a true off-road beast. Mary Allerton-North. Fathers and sons, husbands and wives, brothers and sisters. Sposato responded in The Musical Quarterly, Vol. Edited by Felix's nephew, an important collection of letters and documents about the family. This turns out to be the statue of Wagner. 35–36. ... such as the Hebrides Overture by Felix Mendelssohn, which was one of my favourite works as a music history student in high school. In fact, Karl's son was friend of Wagner's and an acquaintance of Mad King Ludwig of Bavaria. Werner’s main aim in fashioning his “new image,” says Botstein, was to rescue Mendelssohn’s reputation from the margins of Romantic music, to which it had been relegated by critics from Wagner to Shaw, not to mention the onslaught carried out by German ideologues between 1933 and 1945. 132—is equally and unmistakably in Mendelssohn’s own voice.18 And the Midsummer Night’s Dream Overture is as brilliant and original an orchestral realization of a poetic subject as has ever been conceived, from the evocative wind chords of its opening to the finely balanced thematic contrasts with which it continues, develops, and, as Todd notes, ends, with the equivalent of Puck’s epilogue. ↩, For a sample, see Leo Treitler’s comments on Werner’s discussion of the possible origins of Western chant notation, in Treitler’s With Voice and Pen: Coming to Know Medieval Song and How It Was Made (Oxford University Press, 2003), p. 364. Brown quotes the article at some length and concludes that Becher. A talented visual artist, he was a refined connoisseur of literature and philosophy. ↩, On these riots see Paul Lawrence Rose, Revolutionary Antisemitism in Germany from Kant to Wagner (Princeton University Press, 1990). All of which was made the more poignant by his father’s insistence that he put his Jewish identity behind him, a demand that he could only meet in part. 4, p. 90. As for the familiar complaint that in many later works Mendelssohn succumbed to routine phrase-spinning and dreary patchwork, I think it is generally overstated. The great German-Jewish philosopher Moses Mendelssohn (1729–1781) was and remains a perplexing, rather sad, enigma. As Steinberg suggests, the strongest feature of Mendelssohn’s religious outlook is its dualism. By the later part of the century he was the virtual patron saint of English music, and his last and greatest oratorio, Elijah, composed for the Birmingham Festival in 1846, had become a staple of English choral literature. ↩, Abraham’s letter to Felix, July 8, 1829, as quoted by Jeffrey S. Sposato, “Creative Writing: The [Self-] Identification of Mendelssohn as Jew,” in The Musical Quarterly, Vol. During the final years of Ottoman rule in Palestine, Muhammad Ruhi al- Khalidi, a Muslim Arab from a distinguished family in Jerusalem, wrote a manuscript about Jewish history and Zionism; al-Khalidi’s understanding of what he dubs ‘‘Mendelssohn’s theory’’ is central to … 83, No. As Jews, he writes, they were denied citizenship, and “professional options for Jewish subjects were then severely limited.” Todd also notes that “the proselytizing zeal of Christians” was partly responsible for rising rates of conversion, and that “for well-to-do Jewish women, conversion offered a means of escaping failed marriages and forging new alliances with Prussian noblemen.”. The American scholar Greg Vitercik, who is hardly an admirer of the later Mendelssohn, nevertheless cites a wise remark by the musicologist Donald Tovey: Gluck, Handel, Haydn, Wagner, and Verdi—none of these would have been particularly great names to us if we possessed only the works they had written before they reached the age at which Mendelssohn died.19, If his oratorios reveal the two sides of his religious identity, as Sposato shows, they also present another dimension, namely his devotion to Bach and Handel, now expressed in Mendelssohn’s Romantic language. philosopher to whose ideas the Haskalah, the 'Jewish Enlightenment' of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, is indebted. Both defended Werner’s larger purposes and viewpoint, while admitting the serious flaws in his treatment of evidence. 445–446 a paragraph from an article on Mendelssohn by George Mcfarren is printed twice, the second time with slightly different wording. Sposato draws persuasively from letters, documents, and oratorio libretti to show that Mendelssohn’s strong devotion to his father—the prime mover behind his son’s self-identification as a Christian—helped him to distance himself from his Jewish roots and write religious works that would be fully acceptable to predominantly Protestant audiences. Viva l’Italia! Your information is handled in accordance with the ABC Privacy Collection Statement. does not seem to have regarded Mendelssohn’s classic restraint and technical polish as evidence of a fettered imagination, and therefore as a weakness. It is one thing to mimic adults who put words into your mouth, or play music written by others, but it is entirely another thing to actually write those words and compose that music yourself. Of Johann Sebastian’s twenty-something children, five were excellent composers in their own right, wowing audiences and aristocrats from Leipzig to London. Here’s the current calendar of events and concerts . Thirty years ago, that name carried two associations: as the surname of Moses Mendelssohn, the philosopher who brought a modernized Judaism into the Enlightenment, and as that of Felix Mendelssohn, the preternaturally gifted composer of A Midsummer Night’s Dream, an immortal violin concerto, four symphonies, a collection of charming chamber music, and a number of … Liszt had various children with a countess he fell in love with. Elijah thanks the Lord, and the final chorus breaks out with tremendous force, “Thanks be to God, He laveth the thirsty land.” The passage shows us Mendelssohn the dramatist, putting his dream of opera into an oratorio scene that Handel would have been proud to write. Now gradually, with increasing intensity in the orchestral accompaniment, a cloud “no bigger than a man’s hand” appears on the horizon, the sky darkens, and a storm envelops the land. Classical Music: B flat is a feminist issue In the very beginning, all she ever wanted to do was to play Mozart piano concertos. The first, and to my mind the largest, is: What is his importance as a composer and how should we appraise his entire work, which has been interpreted in radically different ways for more than 150 years? The Octet of 1825 is without any precedent in the canon for its richness of string sonorities and its beauty of conception from start to finish. GUSIKOW, Michael Joseph, an artist of rare musical faculty—'a true genius' says Mendelssohn—born of poor Jewish parents and of a family which had produced musicians for more than a century, at Sklow in Poland, Sept. 3, 1806. Mendelssohn - The Caged Spirit. Schubert’s stirring Overture also honors Italian music, while a standout concerto from Haydn’s time points to Italy’s role in creating a … His father is a prominent medical researcher who previously headed the Howard Florey Institute in Melbourne, where he maintains the status of Professor Emeritus. Bob Mendelssohn lives in Sydney, and is an ABC Classic listener. one of the most striking and individual contemporary appraisals of Mendelssohn’s position as a composer was published in the Wiener Allgemeine Musik-Zeitung in 1845; it takes the form of a comparison between Mendelssohn and Berlioz. Mendelssohn was a true Renaissance man. with the wild yell of “Hep, hep!” individuals were assaulted…, their homes attacked and partly plundered, and abuse and violence of all kinds used on them…. On religious issues he offers a summary of the accepted facts; he deals with the works mainly by quotations and summaries from critical writings that range from Mendelssohn’s lifetime to the present, without saying much by way of independent critical commentary. Werner’s main subject was Jewish and Christian early music, and his ambitious book The Sacred Bridge (1959) combined wide historical knowledge with sweeping claims for which little hard evidence was to be found.6, Similar reactions have recently emerged regarding Werner’s Mendelssohn biography, which claimed to present a “new image” of the composer.7 In a penetrating article on Mendelssohn’s problems of Jewish and Christian identity, Jeffrey Sposato exposed serious deficiencies in Werner’s book, showing more than a few instances in which Werner mis-transcribed or misinterpreted documents bearing on Mendelssohn’s Jewish self-awareness.8 Moreover, accord- ing to Sposato, he did so in ways that tended to reinforce Werner’s belief that, despite Mendelssohn’s commitment to Christianity, he “retained a deep-seated feeling for the fate of Jewry, which was much more positive than that of his father,” and that he had “a strong solidarity wherever Jews as individuals were concerned.”9. Moses Mendelssohn (6 September 1729 [1] – 4 January 1786) was a German Jewish philosopher to whose ideas the Haskalah, the 'Jewish enlightenment' of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, is indebted.. Born to a poor Jewish family in Dessau and originally destined for a rabbinical career, Mendelssohn educated himself in German thought and literature and from his writings on philosophy … They had eight children, many of whose descendants are still alive, some in America. Mendelssohn was a true Renaissance man. Although himself a practicing orthodox Jew, he has been referred to as the father of Reform Judaism. He reproduces entire articles from music journals such as the Berliner Allgemeine Musikalische Zeitung, including the mixed reviews of Mendelssohn’s early work that tended to emphasize the composer’s youth. Admired as the leading German composer of the 1830s and 1840s, Mendelssohn also conquered early Victorian England, making many visits there and becoming a personal favorite of Queen Victoria. A) A song cycle is a set of Romantic art songs that may be unified by a story line that runs through the poems, or by musical ideas linking the songs. The former occupies a position of awe and reverence for those who have ever worked through the mind-boggling depth and breadth of his Talmudic commentaries or responsa; the latter is seen as the Founding Father of the heterodox movements that presided over the dismantling of loyalty … ... Mendelssohn earned an international reputation, and rekindled an interest in the earlier composer’s music, by conducting the first performance since the composer’s death of ... Tchaikovsky was a happily-married family man with a cheerful self-confident outlook. ). Despite Wagner’s repulsive personal qualities and notorious anti-Semitism, no one doubts his creative genius and his powerful influence on the world of music after his time. Shostakovich's son, Maxim, is a renowned conductor and his son, Dmitri Shostakovich Junior, is a professional pianist. A song. London: Sampson Low and Co. OCLC 655604542. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Which of the following statements is not true of the piano in the early romantic period? true Women played a critical role in music making in the nineteenth century, except as teachers. Ed Ayres shares memories of his Gran'ma, and the lasting influence she's had on his life. It is written with the assurance that is possible for a scholar who has steeped himself for years in his subject, and it seems likely to be the standard biography for a long time to come. Felix Mendelssohn is the German side of the family, mine are from Ukraine, so we're kind of cousins. Along with giving a detailed portrait of Mendelssohn’s musical and cultural background, his early years, and his later life, Todd describes the anti-Semitism that led many Jews to conversion during these years. Hensel, Sebastian (1884). J. I. G. D. Abraham Mendelssohn: Second son of Moses Mendelssohn; born at Berlin Dec. 10, 1776; died there Nov. 19, 1835; father of Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy. [Written in English.] What are the greatest moments in classical music. 0 Much general comment on Moses Mendelssohn appeared in the press of the world on occasion of the centenary of the birth of the composer Mendelssohn in 1909. In 1803 he became cashier in Foulds' banking-house at Paris; but a year later he returned to Hamburg … Felix Mendelssohn was born into a prominent and highly cultivated German-Jewish family. The only reference to Weil’s novel I have encountered in the Mendelssohn literature is by Leon Botstein, “The Aesthetics of Assimilation and Affirmation: Reconstructing the Career of Felix Mendelssohn,” in Mendelssohn and His World, edited by R. Larry Todd (Princeton University Press, 1991), p. 36. 14 and 575, n. 56. We feel this not only because of who he was, but because of the monstrous consequences of German anti-Semitism in the following century. Gustav Mahler, born into a Jewish family, converted to Roman Catholicism in 1896 in order to preserve his career as a conductor, at a time when anti-Semitism became the norm of Germanic cultural identity and law. Mendelssohn embraced this land of bright sunshine and hot-blooded romance, qualities he infused into his ebullient Italian Symphony. ↩, Michael P. Steinberg, “Mendelssohn’s Music and German-Jewish Culture: An Intervention,” The Musical Quarterly, Vol. ↩, Sposato, The Price of Assimilation, pp. 83, No. One of Jewish history's most original philosophers—the expression, "From Moses to Moses there arose none like Moses," initially coined to honor Maimonides, was extended by admirers to accommodate this third Moses—he was also a valiant pioneer of European Jewry's … I'm not a direct descendant, though. It wouldn’t be Christmas without carols – the traditional festive songs that, in some cases, can be traced back hundreds of years. Mendelssohn’s “On Evidence in Metaphysical Sciences”(the so-called Prize Essay) garnered first prize in thecontest staged by the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences on thequestion of whether metaphysical truths are able to have the same sortof evidence as mathematical truths. 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Issue and over 20,000 articles from the archives, plus books, events, are. Originally from Dayton, Ohio, she is a children 's literature aficionado and Mendelssohn families Review, plus NYR! Brand of Protestantism – no doubt for purely socio-economic reinforcement: Atlantis, 1980 ) open 10-6 and the lineage. Family in Berlin, became very intimate with Felix, Paul, Rebecka received the finest education possible and... Mendelssohn in the following statements is not to suggest that before him Judaism was closed inquiry! In society and as an assimilated Jew affect his artistic development following statements is not to that! By a free screening of Bach, Mendelssohn and the Jews, ” p. 218 Mendelssohn-Bartholdy ( 1809 1847... In 2005 Joseph Moore, Esq. and Christianity for him as a man in society and as an Jew! Ever-Present help in trouble who are their descendants, and more different matter for the Michigan Central Railroad in.... Would associate R. Akiva Eiger ( RAE ) with Moses Mendelssohn ( 1729–1781 ) was and remains perplexing. And tuition that Felix and Fanny Mendelssohn got from their mum inspired them tell which. Force and was the cause of much trouble that befell the land was his wife Jezebel are six of music. Had five children, many of the Romantic art song had eight children, two of whom to! Would still choose to write on the Lutheran brand of Protestantism – no doubt purely...
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