[167] The Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation operates 6,918 buses on 6,352 schedules, connecting Bangalore with other parts of Karnataka as well as other neighbouring states. [41] During the reign of the Vijayanagara Empire, Achyuta Deva Raya of the Tuluva Dynasty raised the Shivasamudra Dam across the Arkavati river at Hesaraghatta, whose reservoir is the present city's supply of regular piped water. [113] A 2003 Battelle Environmental Evaluation System (BEES) evaluation of Bangalore's physical, biological and socioeconomic parameters indicated that Bangalore's water quality and terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems were close to ideal, while the city's socioeconomic parameters (traffic, quality of life) air quality and noise pollution scored poorly. A sewerage system, constructed in 1922, covers 215 km2 (83 sq mi) of the city and connects with five sewage treatment centres located in the periphery of Bangalore. Bangalore's international cricket stadium is the M. Chinnaswamy Stadium, which has a seating capacity of 55,000[235] and has hosted matches during the 1987 Cricket World Cup, 1996 Cricket World Cup and the 2011 Cricket World Cup. "[138], According to a 2012[update] report submitted to the World Bank by Karnataka Slum Clearance Board, Bangalore had 862 slums from total of around 2000 slums in Karnataka. [28] The government of Karnataka accepted the proposal, and it was decided to officially implement the name change from 1 November 2006. [233], Cricket and football are by far the most popular sports in the city. [91], Bangalore suffers from the same major urbanisation problems seen in many fast-growing cities in developing countries: rapidly escalating social inequality, mass displacement and dispossession, proliferation of slum settlements, and epidemic public health crisis due to severe water shortage and sewage problems in poor and working-class neighbourhoods. [89]—a relatively low proportion when compared to other cities in the developing world such as Mumbai (50%) and Nairobi (60%). A random sampling study of the air quality index (AQI) of twenty stations within the city indicated scores that ranged from 76 to 314, suggesting heavy to severe air pollution around areas of traffic concentration. [120], The city has offices of the Consulate General of Germany,[121] France,[122] Japan[123] Israel,[124] British Deputy High Commission,[125] along with honorary consulates of Ireland,[126] Finland,[127] Switzerland,[128] Maldives,[129] Mongolia, Sri Lanka and Peru. Other information technology companies followed suit and by the end of the 20th century, Bangalore had established itself as the Silicon Valley of India. Elections to the council are held once every five years, with results being decided by popular vote. India Finance", "50th Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India (July 2012 to June 2013)", "It is official: Bangalore becomes Bengaluru", "Karnataka (India): Districts, Cities, Towns and Outgrowth Wards – Population Statistics in Maps and Charts", "1000-year old inscription stone bears earliest reference to Bengaluru | Bengaluru News - Times of India", "What makes Bengaluru India's science capital? [88] Roughly 10% of Bangalore's population lives in slums. The name "Bangalore" represents an anglicised version of the Kannada language name and its original name, "Bengalūru" ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು [ˈbeŋɡəɭuːru ] (listen). [37] Vishnuvardhana expelled the Cholas from all parts of Mysore state. Bangalore is a divisional headquarters in the South Western Railway zone of the Indian Railways. [16] After the death of Krishnaraja Wodeyar II in 1759, Hyder Ali, Commander-in-Chief of the Mysore Army, proclaimed himself the de facto ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore. [citation needed], Recent estimates of the economy of Bangalore's metropolitan area have ranged from $45 to $83 billion (PPP GDP), and have ranked it either fourth- or fifth-most productive metro area of India. It was created as a result of a joint venture between India and Singapore in January 1994. Due to its high elevation, Bangalore usually enjoys a more moderate climate throughout the year, although occasional heat waves can make summer somewhat uncomfortable. [196] The western system of education was introduced during the rule of Mummadi Krishnaraja Wodeyar. ", "The Digital South Asia Library-Imperial gazetteer of India", "5: Bangalore: mud fort to sprawling metropolis", Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, "8: Public domain—contested spaces and lack of imageability", "Malleswaram, Basavanagudi, the new extensions", Karnataka State Gazetteer: Bangalore District, "Bangalore torpedo gave them their D-Day, 69 years ago", "Death Toll Raised to 66 in Fire at Circus in India", "Governance, economic settings and poverty in Bangalore", "District census handbook- Bangalore rural", "The Rediff interview. [50] Throughout the 19th century, the Cantonment gradually expanded and acquired a distinct cultural and political salience as it was governed directly by the British and was known as the Civil and Military Station of Bangalore. The Western Gangas ruled the region initially as a sovereign power (350–550), and later as feudatories of the Chalukyas of Badami, followed by the Rashtrakutas until the tenth century. Performances of Carnatic (South Indian) and Hindustani (North Indian) classical music, and dance forms like Bharat Natyam, Kuchipudi, Kathakali, Kathak, and Odissi are very popular. The Begur inscription is written in Halegannada (ancient Kannada), mentions 'Bengaluru Kalaga' (battle of Bengaluru). [147] The city is the third largest hub for high-net-worth individuals and is home to over 10,000-dollar millionaires and about 60,000 super-rich people who have an investment surplus of ₹45 million (US$630,900) and ₹5 million (US$70,100) respectively.[148]. As capital of the state of Karnataka, Bangalore houses important state government facilities such as the Karnataka High Court, the Vidhana Soudha (the home of the Karnataka state legislature) and Raj Bhavan (the residence of the governor of Karnataka). Rome2rio makes travelling from Bengaluru Airport (BLR) to The Pride Hotel, Bangalore easy. The institute has organised more than one hundred exhibitions of cartoons.[185][186]. 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