Ibn Khaldun provides a table summarising the Amazigh dynasties of the Maghreb region, the Zirid, Banu Ifran, Maghrawa, Almoravid, Hammadid, Almohad, Merinid, Abdalwadid, Wattasid, Meknassa and Hafsid dynasties.[29]. [97] Most of Algeria's weapons are imported from Russia, with whom they are a close ally. Bendjedid resigned and a High Council of State was installed to act as the Presidency. [111], Income from oil and gas rose in 2011 as a result of continuing high oil prices, though the trend in production volume is downwards. The number of European Pied-Noirs who fled Algeria totaled more than 900,000 between 1962 and 1964. With their official numbers, currently (since 1983) they are[94]. As a result, the agha charged the pasha with corruption and incompetence and seized power in 1659. [94] Algeria has the second largest military in North Africa with the largest defence budget in Africa ($10 billion). [54][55] The population of Algeria, which stood at about 2.9 million in 1872, reached nearly 11 million in 1960. [86], The head of state is the President of Algeria, who is elected for a five-year term. Algeria was not a significant contributor to climate change,[80] but like other countries in the Mena region, is expected to be on the front-lines of climate change impacts. [154], Health records have been maintained in Algeria since 1882 and began adding Muslims living in the south to their vital record database in 1905 during French rule. Algeria is also crossed by the Trans-Sahara Highway, which is now completely paved. The current-account surplus is estimated at 9.3% of GDP and at the end of December 2011, official reserves were put at US$182 billion. The capital and most populous city is Algiers, located in the far north of the country on the Mediterranean coast. [94] The country is facing a number of short-term and medium-term problems, including the need to diversify the economy, strengthen political, economic and financial reforms, improve the business climate and reduce inequalities amongst regions. Below is a list of the most important Algerian cities: Modern Algerian literature, split between Arabic, Tamazight and French, has been strongly influenced by the country's recent history. Other forms of the name are: Arabic: الجزائر, romanized: al-Jazāʾir, Algerian Arabic: الدزاير, romanized: al-dzāyīr; French: Algérie. Shipping Ship All Features Ship Quick & Simple. [36] The conquest of Algeria by the French took some time and resulted in considerable bloodshed. In 1710, the dey persuaded the sultan to recognise him and his successors as regent, replacing the pasha in that role, although Algiers remained a part of the Ottoman Empire. Other known writers will contribute to the emergence of Algerian literature whom include Mouloud Feraoun, Malek Bennabi, Malek Haddad, Moufdi Zakaria, Abdelhamid Ben Badis, Mohamed Laïd Al-Khalifa, Mouloud Mammeri, Frantz Fanon, and Assia Djebar. In recent years, the Algerian government has halted the privatization of state-owned industries and imposed restrictions on imports and foreign involvement in its economy. [72], The Algerian economy became increasingly dependent on oil, leading to hardship when the price collapsed during the 1980s oil glut. The resultant war is recounted in the epic Tāghribāt. [108] Algeria's currency is the dinar (DZD). [117] Hydrocarbons have long been the backbone of the economy, accounting for roughly 60% of budget revenues, 30% of GDP, and over 95% of export earnings. This page was last edited on 25 January 2021, at 03:51. The capital of Algeria is Algiers. In order to punish them the Fatimids sent the Arab Banu Hilal and Banu Sulaym against them. Chaâbi music is a typically Algerian musical genre characterized by specific rhythms and of Qacidate (popular poems) in Arabic dialect. ISO Country Codes - IATA Country Codes. Saint Augustine was the bishop of Hippo Regius (modern-day Annaba, Algeria), located in the Roman province of Africa. [94], Women make up 70% of the country's lawyers and 60% of its judges and also dominate the field of medicine. [77] Inflation, the lowest in the region, has remained stable at 4% on average between 2003 and 2007. The Ottoman sultan gave him the title of beylerbey and a contingent of some 2,000 janissaries. [64], During the late 19th and early 20th century; the European share was almost a fifth of the population. To make international telephone calls to Algeria you will need to dial: Exit Country Code + 213 + Area Code + The Number each country has his owm number to identify this area. The French government aimed at making Algeria an assimilated part of France, and this included substantial educational investments especially after 1900. Algeria also has ergs, or sand dunes, between mountains. [118] It also ranks 16th in oil reserves. Climate change in Algeria has wide reaching effects on the country. There is not a dish where cereals are not present. [72] However, elections are routinely criticized by opposition groups as unfair and international human rights groups say that media censorship and harassment of political opponents continue. Then dial the area code (1–3 digits — please see a sample calling code list … Merguez sausage is widely used in Algeria, but it differs, depending on the region and on the added spices. Under Ben Bella, the government had become increasingly socialist and authoritarian; Boumédienne continued this trend. Masinissa's line survived until 24 AD, when the remaining Berber territory was annexed to the Roman Empire. After nine years of primary school, students can go to the high school or to an educational institution. I guess it’s because the original name of Algeria is “Dzair” and this is what we-algerians- call it. [51][52] Historian Ben Kiernan wrote on the French conquest of Algeria: "By 1875, the French conquest was complete. Algeria consistently opposed Spanish fortresses and control in nearby Morocco through the 20th century. [47], Barbary raids in the Mediterranean continued to attack Spanish merchant shipping, and as a result, the Spanish Navy bombarded Algiers in 1783 and 1784. From their principal center of power at Carthage, the Carthaginians expanded and established small settlements along the North African coast; by 600 BC, a Phoenician presence existed at Tipasa, east of Cherchell, Hippo Regius (modern Annaba) and Rusicade (modern Skikda). Apart from the 122 private schools, the Universities of the State are free of charge. [134], The largest concentration of Algerian migrants outside Algeria is in France, which has reportedly over 1.7 million Algerians of up to the second generation. A combination of violence and disease epidemics caused the indigenous Algerian population to decline by nearly one-third from 1830 to 1872. Today Algeria contains, in its literary landscape, big names having not only marked the Algerian literature, but also the universal literary heritage in Arabic and French. Most of the coastal area is hilly, sometimes even mountainous, and there are a few natural harbours. In keeping with this policy, the government maintains an immunization program. After 1689, the right to select the dey passed to the divan, a council of some sixty nobles. [168], The first Algerian and African gold medalist is Boughera El Ouafi in 1928 Olympics of Amsterdam in the Marathon. The second Algerian Medalist was Alain Mimoun in 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne. [69], The war against French rule concluded in 1962, when Algeria gained complete independence following the March 1962 Evian agreements and the July 1962 self-determination referendum. [152] Algerian citizens who are Christians predominantly belong to Protestant groups, which have seen increased pressure from the government in recent years including many forced closures.[153][152]. The land has a total area of 2,381,740 km² and a total coastline of 998 km. There reigned in Ifriqiya, current Tunisia, a Berber family, Zirid, somehow recognising the suzerainty of the Fatimid caliph of Cairo. [25][26][27] Caliphates from Northern Africa traded with the other empires of their time, as well as forming part of a confederated support and trade network with other Islamic states during the Islamic Era. Use the example below to know the rule for dialing a number in Algeria and make international calls to Algeria. 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