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c. Dendrites and soma d. The person would have dulled senses for some period of time after taking the substance. b. Interneurons. If a loud noise made you jump, which structure was most likely responsible for this A) motor fibers that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands a. messenger ribonucleic acid. a. cerebellar ataxia. It is important when reducing any model to first identify these characteristic behaviours. depression would be an example of: (a) They conduct impulses. depolarized to What two physiological characteristics are highly developed in the neurons? c. Generate ATP. a. the hippocampus. True or False, A stimulus traveling toward a synapse appears to open calcium ion channels at the presynaptic end, which in turn promotes fusion of synaptic vesicles to the axonal membrane. 63. A drug that increases appetite would likely affect: Neurons are found across the body but are most numerous in the brain. D) Schwann cells, Schwann cells are functionally similar to ________. c. afferent neuron. Motor has two divisions: the somatic and autonomic. a. periaqueductal gray. a. Multi-polar neurons b. Bipolar neurons c. Uni-polar neurons. They control, in this way, from the movement of an arm, thoughts and even feelings through electrical signals that are called nerve impulses. b. the structure is closer to the midline of the brain. 3. d. cerebral blood vessels. b. ventricles. Neurons are a specific type of nervous system cell that is able to generate signals and transmit them to other neurons or target end-cells. Events that occur during synaptic activity are listed here, but they are arranged in an incorrect order. likely true? ________ is a disease that gradually destroys the myelin sheaths of neurons in the CNS, particularly in young adults. Strong stimuli cause the amplitude of action potentials generated to increase. a. Dendrite b. a. Doral root The greater the density of spines along dendrites, the greater a neuron's: 5. Which of the following is not a special characteristic of neurons? a. inhibit the production of neurotrophins. a. on dendrites. The all-or-none phenomenon as applied to nerve conduction states that the whole nerve cell must be stimulated for conduction to take place. c. Neuromuscular junction 1.Introduction. True or False, Which of the following is not a function of astrocytes? 1. ce3z/(4zi)3dz. The concentration of __ is higher outside than inside the cell. C) Group B fibers are highly myelinated and have the highest conduction velocities. c. The cerebral cortex includes the cerebellum. a. Pons b. cause aggressive behavior. C) calcium In the case of nerve . Ans: they are mitotic Unli . These K+ ions decrease the positive ion concentration momentarily below the normal -70mV and thus hyperpolarize the cell. c. Motor neurons. e. guide the migration of young neurons, syna, Which describes the function of dendrites? analyzes sensory information, stores information, makes decisions. b. cingulate cortex. d. medulla. d. at the axon terminal. B. Skeletal muscles store nutrient reserves. Methods: Participants were prospectively enrolled . b. they prevent axons from re-growing. 12. Which of the following is not true about the cerebral cortex? a. epigenetics. b. Medulla 15. B) hyperpolarization a) control how neurons communicate at the synapse b) guide the development and differentiation of neurons and glial cells c) physically support neurons in the PNS to form nerves d) provide. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE REGARDING UMNS ? A) sodium Although neurologic recovery is complete, amnesia for the event persists. The latter from the brain to the spinal cord. Which of the following portions of the neuron transmits neurotransmitters? 38. the membrane potential has been reestablished. There are two basic neuron-containing systems: the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the spinal cord and brain, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which includes all other nerve tissues. spindle fibres to divide the cell. Melatonin is released from the: d. Sensory, Which neuron structure receives impulses from the preceding cell? Immediately after an action potential has peaked, which cellular gates open? Which of the following is NOT a function or characteristic of neurons? The reticular activating system includes all of the following structures except: 26. A) astrocytes copyright 2003-2023 Homework.Study.com. B) endorphin d. Interneurons, 16. They are robust signaling cells. Schwann cells are functionally similar to ________. Which of the following is not true of graded potentials? c. enhance the activity of reactive astrocytes. C) frequency of action potentials 57. 7. C) oligodendrocytes A) They conduct impulses. A thirestold potential must be excecded or reached. 2. Like the heart, lungs, and stomach, the nervous system is made up of specialized cells. Which of the following is not a function of the autonomic nervous system? A toxin that destroyed the presynaptic terminal on an axon would likely: 7. [25] designed a voltage output feedback controller, which uses the neural network feed-forward (NNFF) with the harmony search algorithm (HSA) to control the PEMFC output voltage. Describe the structure of neurons 2. c. The person may stop breathing. B) They have extreme longevity. acetylcholine d. the structure is anterior to the area. Which of the following statements regarding nervous tissue is not true? Which of the following is true about the movement of ions across excitable living membranes? c. striations present are due to the orderly arrangement of actin and myosin. This protective role is important because cells of the immune system are denied access to the CNS. a. corpus callosum. D) astrocytes, Immediately after an action potential has peaked, which cellular gates open? Answer: They are constantly dividing Explanation: Neurons are like different cells in the body on the grounds that: Neurons are encircled by a cell . B) nerves All of the following describe the functions of astrocytes except: A neuron is a cell that communicates with the brain. In doing so, mention: a) the names of the neurons involved, b) where the neurons synapse with each other (2 possible ganglia), c) what Nt is released from each of the neurons. b) The preganglionic neuron (sometimes called the ganglionic neuron), is the second motor neuron. a. that a person will have a polymorphism. b. c. neurons. c. It is avascular. D) biogenic amine, A neuron that has as its primary function the job of connecting other neurons is called a(n) ________. b. cerebrospinal fluid. c) Myelin traps sodium ions on the axon an. Which of the following is a factor that determines the rate of impulse propagation, or conduction velocity, along an axon? ATP neurotransmitters have what basic effect on the body? Specific instructions that encode for traits are called: 68. c. Epigenetics 45. E) provide the defense for the CNS, Which of the choices below describes the ANS? c. ventricles. 9. The _________________ facilitates balance and the timing of movements. Similar to hormones, NO and CO promote longer-lasting effects by acting through intracellular second-messenger molecules. A) act as a transmitting agent Friedreich's ataxia is a rare disease that affects your central nervous system. As specifically as you can, outline the steps you would take to insert and express the gene for a new, nutritious seed protein in wheat. b. The all-or-none phenomenon as applied to nerve conduction states that the whole nerve cell must be stimulated for conduction to take place. (a) dendrites (b) cell body (c) myelin (d) axon terminal. Select the correct statement regarding synapses. Collections of nerve cell bodies outside the central nervous system are called ________. Identify the neuron type described: A functional neuron type most prevalent in the CNS. d . B) microglia Which of the following describes the excitatory postsynaptic potential? C) An excitatory postsynaptic potential occurs if the excitatory effect is greater than the inhibitory effect but less than threshold. D) They can be called postsynaptic potentials. However, the neuron in question does not transmit an impulse. c. medulla Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of epithelial tissue? Its structure is multipolar. b. Neurotrophins 33. (a) can maintain ionic balance of extracellular environment for neurons (b) can take glucose from blood to provide to neurons to make ATP (c) can take up neurotransmitter from a synapse (d) can phag, Which of the following are characteristics of myelinated axons? Hint. Saltatory conduction is made possible by ________. What does myelin do for neurons? The interior of a neuron is composed of cytoplasm and a gel that is called. 42. d. M1 microglial cells. The synaptic cleft prevents an impulse from being transmitted directly from one neuron to another. A) the myelin sheath b. cholinesterase. c. decrease the activity of postganglionic parasympathetic neurons. b. Preganglionic neurons are short and synapse in ganglia located near the spinal cord. A. Myelin insulates neurons, keeping them at a high enough temperature to function well. B) short distance depolarization Transcribed image text: Which of the following is not a characteristic of neurons? What is the function of dendrites in a neuron? mastering a&p- chapter 11 (part of 12) EXAM 5, Anatomy & Physiology Test 2: Tissues & Integu, UTA Biol 2458- A&P 2 Aranda Test review 1, Mastering Homework Questions and Notes: Actio, The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses, Edge Reading, Writing and Language: Level C, David W. Moore, Deborah Short, Michael W. Smith. The autonomic nervous has control centers in the: b. thalamus. Touch stimulation of this sensory receptor will open the mechanically gated ion channels, but action potentials are still not initiated because propagation of an action potential requires the opening of voltage-gated Na+ channels. When the neurons were damaged, the number of Nissl corpuscles decreased significantly . Fill in the blank. 2 introduce new . D) innervation of skeletal muscle, Collections of nerve cell bodies outside the central nervous system are called ________. d. support and brace neurons. A neuron was found to originate in the hippocampus and terminate in the prefrontal cortex. c. Oligodendrocytes Which of the following is not a characteristic of ion channels? The human body is made of about 100 billion neurons. A) They are short-lived. a. neuromuscular junction. nervous system? c. The patient has a low level of transcription factors. ______________ are chemicals that promote the growth and development of neurons. d. Sensory efferent neurons po. Which nerve cells carry impulses from the brain to the muscles? In this issue, Zhao et al. A) axon c. working memory. The basal ganglia act to stabilize voluntary movements. The part of the neuron responsible for receiving, integrating, and sending nerve impulses is the A. dendrite. All preganglionic neurons in the ANS are cholinergic. The significance of the myelin sheath surrounding axons of werve neurons is that ia is B. composed of synaptio vesieles, which corapletely botate the nouron due w ins whter dianecer. conditions in Russian society that led to the Revolution of 1917. The actual cause of the neurodegenerative component of the disease is however unclear. Generally, these traits are not determined by just one gene, but instead by the cumulative effect . Current flows continuously, Local current flows adjacent axon segment. d. The blood-brain barrier, 17. the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. What is the direct role of neurotransmitter at a chemical synapse? C) guide the migration of young neurons, synapse formation, and helping to determine capillary permeability _____________ is the study of how genes support the function of neurons. O They generate very fast O They are long when compared to other cells in the body O They help carry oxygen to different body parts O They do not have a nucleus. (a) Cell body (b) Dendrites (c) Axon (d) All of the above are structural features of a neuron. A. ependymal cells B. Schwann cells C . D) Ions always move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, A second nerve impulse cannot be generated until ________. D) astrocytes, What does the central nervous system use to determine the strength of a stimulus? Which cells in the brain remove normal cellular waste? c. in the synapse. a. Activation of preganglionic sympathetic neurons 56. (a) Fluorescent lightbulbs contain a small amount of mercury, giving a mercury vapor pressure of around 1*10^(-5) atm. They have long fibers from CNS to ganglion. a) axon b) axon hillock c) dendrites d) soma, Which of the following is not a structural feature of a neuron? d. pineal gland. Damage to the hippocampus would likely cause impairments to long-term memory What structural classification describes this neuron? a. improve working memory. a. Myelin insulates neurons, keeping them at a high enough temperature to function well. Stimulation of initial axon segment C) diphasic impulses The person may have constricted pupils. a. Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? 1. a) The preganglionic neuron (sometimes called the ganglionic neuron), is the first motor neuron. This may account for the cycles of relapse and remission in different patients. B. Neurons in the CNS are organized into functional groups. order to draw a diagram in her notebook. b. hindbrain. The nervous system most dominant while relaxing is the: A) motor neurons C) negatively charged and contains more sodium. destroy ACh a brief period after its release by the axon endings. Tight junctions along blood vessels in the brain are formed by: 5. B) type of stimulus receptor Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? Learn about the neuron diagram, structure, and function. True or False, The overlapping functions of the nervous system are sensory input, integration, and motor output. a. it is not an increase in membrane potential b. causes the voltage of the internal membrane towards zero c. inside the membrane becomes more positive than resting potential d. lowers the probability of producing an action potential e. none of the above. We investigated here the direct and differential effects of inflammatory mediators on human neurons. The p.N370S substitution causes a violation of the enzyme conformation, which affects its stability in the cell. A) the membrane potential has been reestablished What is a credit line? d. Neurogenetics. Which of the following are afferent neurons, relative to the central nervous system? A) Group C fibers are not capable of saltatory conduction. A) axon B) dendrite C) neurolemma DI) Schwann cell. The Macklis Lab is directed toward (1) understanding molecular controls and mechanisms over neuron sub-type development, diversity, axon guidance-circuit formation, and degeneration in the cerebral cortex, and (2) applying developmental controls toward brain and spinal cord regeneration and directed differentiation for in vitro therapeutic and mechanistic screening. b. Axon and soma Preganglionic neurons are short and synapse in ganglia located near the spinal cord. c. gene duplication. If an experimental drug produced physiological effects similar to nitric oxide, then a They conduct impulses. a. the person had neurons that did not form correctly during neural development. Mountainside's local landscaping business totaled approximately $789,400 in sales for the year. b. increased heart rate. c. nucleus accumbens. d. Neurons. 59. We studied the biochemical characteristics of dopaminergic (DA) neurons generated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from a PD . 29. Which cranial nerve receives sensory information from the heart, liver, and intestines? Neurons are responsible for transmitting signals throughout the body, a process that allows us to move and exist in the world around us. Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? The part of a neuron that sends neurotransmitters into a synapse is called a(n): 6. d. parasympathetic nervous system. The all-or-none phenomenon as applied to nerve conduction states that the whole nerve cell must be stimulated for conduction to take place. lowers the probability of producing an action potential. nervous system. d. Autonomic Nervous System, 21. c. Activation of preganglionic parasympathetic neurons The majority of these axonal knobs are shown to be "firing." d. None of these are correct. B) amplitude of various sizes C) They can be called postsynaptic potentials. A) support and brace neurons 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. Sensory receptors for touch (and pressure) respond to physical deformation of the receptors, resulting in the opening of specific mechanically gated ion channels. Cells may have long extensions. The following is a list of characteristics of neurons: - Neurons are cells that specialized in the transmission of electrical impulses. Select the correct statement regarding synapses. These gases are neurotransmitters that act indirectly. kg 1), . Name the following: Nervous tissue cells that regulate the chemical environment of neurons. a. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. 1. d. increase the density of dendritic spines. Large-diameter nerve fibers conduct impulses much faster than small-diameter fibers. Has component cells designed for conductivity b. C) neurolemma Growing numbers of sodium channels appear spontaneously in the demyelinated fibers so that conduction resumes, even if slower. d. Nuclei. Preganglionic neurons are located in the brain stem and sacral segments of the spinal cord. D. axon hillock. c. sleepiness. D) moves membrane potential away from threshold. Which statement is true? a. sodium b. chloride c. calcium d. potassium, A neuron that has as its primary function the job of connecting other neurons is call a(n) _____. C) association neuron D) tracts, The term central nervous system refers to the ________. Neurons generate and conduct electrical impulses called action potentials. They may live as long as the organism they are part of, and they have an exceptionally high metabolic rate, requiring large amounts of glucose and oxygen to produce ATP.