The nasolacrimal duct is found on the __________ side of the nose. There are three classes of mechanoreceptors: tactile, proprioceptors, and baroreceptors. Touch and pressure are sensed by four types of mechanoreceptors ( Figure 8-1 ). 7 - The cochlear branch of CN VIII (vestibulocochlear nerve) is stimulated. c. Cl- d. semicircular ducts. Describing sensory function with the term sensation or perception is a deliberate distinction. e. Cochlear branch of CN VIII (vestibulocochlear nerve) b. Pigmented layer of retina - Auditory tube. Spinal nerves have mixed populations of fibers; some are motor fibers and some are sensory. Merkels disks, which are unencapsulated, respond to light touch. d. gets lower. c. Nasal cavity Four of the primary mechanoreceptors in human skin are shown. -Epiglottis, a. Axons of ganglion cells from nasal halves of both retinas, Which nerve fibers cross in the optic chiasma? *Semicircular canals Meissners corpuscles, Ruffini endings, Pacinian corpuscles, and Krause end bulbs are all encapsulated. c. Stapes Identify and briefly explain the two single-gene diseases. This means that its receptors are not associated with a specialized organ, but are instead spread throughout the body in a variety of organs. Action potentials are transmitted out of the optic nerve. Endolymph has a __________ sodium and __________ potassium concentration. As tears drain through the lacrimal caruncle they enter small holes called the lacrimal __________. Special pressure sensors called baroreceptors (or venoatrial stretch receptors) located in the right atrium of the heart detect increases in the volume and pressure of blood returned to the heart. These categories are based on the nature of stimuli each receptor class transduces. 2. For example, have you ever stretched your muscles before or after exercise and noticed that you can only stretch so far before your muscles spasm back to a less stretched state? A detached retina is caused by a separation between which two layers? Sensory receptors are classified into five categories: mechanoreceptors, thermoreceptors, proprioceptors, pain receptors, and chemoreceptors. In this paper, an acoustic radiation force-optical coherence elastography (ARF-OCE) system was proposed to evaluate LVC by measuring the residual stromal bed (RSB) elasticity, because it is directly relevant to the RSB . Pacinian corpuscles; a large, encapsulated tactile receptor that detects deep pressure and high-frequency vibration. 5 - Oval window name and arguments, use TriCirc (A, B, C). For example, the general sense of touch, which is known as somatosensation, can be separated into light pressure, deep pressure, vibration, itch, pain, temperature, or hair movement. 1. endolymph of cochlear duct -Sclera d. Stapes, 5. oval window A special sense (discussed in Chapter 15)is one that has a specific organ devoted to it, namely the eye, inner ear, tongue, or nose. This is because __________ are receptors that detect chemicals. Can a mri detect a blood clot? Sensations can also be protective to the body, by registering environmental cold or warm, and painful needle prick, for example. what type of receptors detect deep pressure and vibration? Inner: Anterior two-thirds of the tongue - Facial nerve (CN VII) A receptor or receptor cell is changed directly by a stimulus. f. Choroid a. stimuli Which of the following are semicircular canals? Merkels disk are slow-adapting, unencapsulated nerve endings that respond to light touch; they are present in the upper layers of skin that has hair or is glabrous. A fifth type of mechanoreceptor, Krause end bulbs, are found only in specialized regions. This spasm is a reflex that is initiated by stretch receptors to avoid muscle tearing. The sensory fibers connect to the spinal cord through the dorsal root, which is attached to the dorsal root ganglion. Finally, a proprioceptor is a receptor located near a moving part of the body, such as a muscle or joint capsule, that interprets the positions of the tissues as they move. They contain mechanically gated ion channels whose gates open or close in response to pressure, touch, stretching, and sound. There are four primary tactile mechanoreceptors in human skin: Merkels disks, Meissners corpuscles, Ruffini endings, and Pacinian corpuscle; two are located toward the surface of the skin and two are located deeper. The __________ ligaments connect the ciliary body to the lense. Mammalian skin has three layers: an epidermis, a dermis, and a hypodermis. - DARK a. cochlea. detect deep pressure, vibration, position. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. The junction of the palpebral and ocular conjunctive is called the: Which of the following are a part of the fibrous tunic? 1 - Auricle These nerve endings detect the movement of hair at the surface of the skin, such as when an insect may be walking along the skin. 5. This allows sodium ions to flow into the cell, creating a receptor potential. The somatosensory is the system of nerve cells that responds to changes to the external or internal state of the body. 3 - Tympanic membrane d. Axons of glanglion cells from the retina of the left eye, Which disorder of refraction is corrected with a concave lens? Meissner corpuscles are the mechanoreceptorslocated in the dermis that detect deep pressure and stretch. what is the order that sounds travels in the inner ear? How does light affect rhodopsin? It is not surprising, then, that humans detect cold stimuli before they detect warm stimuli. d - Cochlear nucleus What does the molecular similarity of stevia to glucose mean for the gustatory sense. Order the structures of the eye fromsuperficial to deep. b. Receptors can be classified structurally on the basis of cell type and their position in relation to stimuli they sense. Rods: The relative density of pressure receptors in different locations on the body can be demonstrated experimentally using a two-point discrimination test. Farsightedness disorder in which the cornea and lens system is optically too weak or the eyeball is too short. - Semicircular canals deep pressure and vibration: lamellar (Pacinian) corpus- cles, in reticular layer. E-Book Overview INTRODUCTION TO HEALTH CARE, 3E provides learners with an easy-to-read foundation in the profession of health care. 2. Age-related loss of the lenses' ability to change shape. d. supporting cells. 5. The lamellar corpuscles (also known as Pacinian corpuscles) in the skin and fascia detect rapid vibrations (of about 200-300 Hz). - Eustachian tube *Vestibular Receptor cells can be classified into types on the basis of three different criteria: cell type, position, and function. How can a person perceive over 4,000 different odors? c. Optic chiasm What substance produced in the external ear impedes microorganism growth? Structures apart of inner, middle, or outer ear? Pain is primarily a chemical and sometimes mechanical sense that interprets the presence of chemicals from tissue damage, or intense mechanical stimuli, through a nociceptor. rationale: Mechanoreceptors respond to mechanical force such as touch, pressure, vibration, and stretch. Somatosensation occurs all over the exterior of the body and at some interior locations as well. what type of receptors detect deep pressure and vibration? Some stimuli are physical variations in the environment that affect receptor cell membrane potentials. - Saccule Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System, Chapter 12. We tend to classify receptors according to the location or origin of the stimulus: Exteroceptorsrespond to stimuli from outside the body - vision, sound, touch, smell, temperature, pain etc. Hearing and balance are also sensed by mechanoreceptors. a. Choroid Pacinian receptors detect pressure and vibration by being compressed, stimulating their internal dendrites. c. thermoreceptor. a. Ossicles What is the margin between the photosensitive and nonphotosensitive regions of the retina called? dendrites enclosed in a capsule. A long eyeball Treated with concave lens. The major cutaneous receptors that are found in the dermis and. Earwax is a combination of dead skin cells and __________. what type of receptors detect deep pressure and vibration? A Feature Paper should be a substantial original Article that involves several techniques or approaches, provides an outlook for future research directions and describes possible research applications. What receptors detect touch and pressure? Below this, the much thicker dermis contains blood vessels, sweat glands, hair follicles, lymph vessels, and lipid-secreting sebaceous glands (Figure1). The chemical senses include taste and smell. The Chemical Level of Organization, Chapter 3. Photoreceptors in the rods and cones in the retina respond to light. Once in the medulla, the neurons continue carrying the signals to the thalamus. Which type of corpuscles detect pressure? 1) Fibrous tunic Which are examples of both somatic and visceral sensory receptors? 5 - A pressure wave in the endolymph of the cochlear duct displaces a specific region of the basilar membrane. For humans, the only electromagnetic energy that is perceived by our eyes is visible light. General senses often contribute to the sense of touch, as described above, or to proprioception (body position) and kinesthesia (body movement), or to a visceral sense, which is most important to autonomic functions. Merkels disks and Meissners corpuscles are not as plentiful in the palms as they are in the fingertips. - DARK Mechanoreceptors sense stimuli due to physical deformation of their plasma membranes. d. Temporal bone. a. Retina External ear 2. - Filiform Transparent: Perilymph is located between the Deeper in the epidermis, near the base, are Ruffini endings, which are also known as bulbous corpuscles. 2 - Sound waves are amplified due to movement by the auditory ossicles. - DARK This occurs when a stimulus is detected by a receptor which generates a graded potential in a sensory neuron. c. Tympanic membrane Merkels disks (shown in Figure2) are found in the upper layers of skin near the base of the epidermis, both in skin that has hair and on glabrous skin, that is, the hairless skin found on the palms and fingers, the soles of the feet, and the lips of humans and other primates. 2. round window What structure is the dividing line between the anterior and posterior chambers? From the soft touch of the child to the painful punch of a boxer, all the daily activities carry . Other overlooked senses include temperature perception by thermoreceptors and pain perception by nociceptors. During hearing, the last structure(s) to vibrate is/are the 7. basilar membrane, What ion is responsible for depolarization of hair cells of the spiral organ? d. Fovea centralis Buds Note that these warmth detectors are situated deeper in the skin than are the cold detectors. The configuration of the different types of receptors working in concert in human skin results in a very refined sense of touch. e. hair cells covered by a tympanic membrane. An Introduction to the Human Body, Chapter 2. * saccharine, EXs associated w/ what taste sensation? Can an ultrasound detect placental . To view close objects, the ciliary muscle will _____, the suspensory ligament will _____, and the lens will become more _______. During hearing, the structure(s) first to vibrate is/are the Three ways to classify receptors 1. type of stimulus 2. body location 3. structural complexity Mechanoreceptors respond to touch, pressure, vibration, and stretch Theremoreceptors sensitive to changes in temperature Photoreceptors respond to light energy (retina) Chemoreceptors respond to chemicals (e.g., smell, taste, changes in blood chemistry) b. oval window. These receptors transmit information along the vagus nerve (10th cranial nerve) to the central nervous system. What is the magnitude of the block's acceleration vector? Nociceptors (pain receptors)- These receptors identify any extreme thermal or mechanical stimuli, which can be damaging. d. Fibers of the cochlear nerve Humans can perceive various types of sensations, and with this information, our motor movement is determined. what type of phasic receptors detect light touch, shapes, and textures? Both primary somatosensory cortex and secondary cortical areas are responsible for processing the complex picture of stimuli transmitted from the interplay of mechanoreceptors. These graded potentialscause neurotransmitter to be released onto a sensory neuron causing a graded post-synaptic potential. A fifth type of mechanoreceptor, Krause end bulbs, are found only in specialized regions. What type of receptor monitors changes in position? Sound waves are funneled into the ears by the: True or False: Astigmatism is also called farsightedness. Receptors are the cells or structures that detect sensations. They are found in both glabrous and hairy skin. The proprioceptive sense is closely related to the vestibular sense. For the function d. photoreceptor. What type of phasic receptors detect light touch, shapes, and textures? Opaque: A free nerve ending is an unencapsulated dendrite of a sensory neuron; they are the most common nerve endings in skin. ; Sensory receptors can be classified by the type of stimulus that generates a . - Basal cells. Drag each label to the appropriate box to indicate whether each statement is associated with rods or cones. The Nervous System and Nervous Tissue, Chapter 13. Blood-sucking insects use thermoreception to detect their host, thermoreceptors present in the pit organ of the viper helps them locate their prey. b. tympanic membrane. For example, the sensation of pain or heat associated with spicy foods involves capsaicin, the active molecule in hot peppers. d. the lens is slow to accommodate. The large mechanoreceptorsPacinian corpuscles and Ruffini endingsare located in the lower layers and respond to deeper touch. These injuries may result from sports or recreational activities, motor vehicle crashes, falls, physical assaults, and gunshot wounds. e. stapes. b. inferior colliculus. - There are more than 100 million rod cells per eye. a. the pupil size is too narrow. -Tensor tympani muscle a. medial geniculate nucleus. Receptors are spread throughout the body, with large numbers found in the skin. 30 seconds . This page titled 36.3: Somatosensation - Somatosensory Receptors is shared under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Boundless. There are fewer Pacinian corpuscles and Ruffini endings in skin than there are Merkels disks and Meissners corpuscles. Stimuli in the environment activate specialized receptors or receptor cells in the peripheral nervous system. As the number of cycles per second increases, the sound we perceive What type of receptors detect deep pressure and vibration? These modalities include pressure, vibration, light touch, tickle, itch, temperature, pain, proprioception, and kinesthesia. Pacinian corpuscles, Ruffini endings, and Krause end bulbs detect pressure. Ruffini endings are slow adapting, encapsulated receptors that respond to skin stretch and are present in both the glabrous and hairy skin. What is the function of the auditory ossicles? Follicles are also wrapped in a plexus of nerve endings known as the hair follicle plexus. c - Inferior colliculus The sweetener known as stevia can replace glucose in food. - Sprained ankle Glutamate inhibits the bipolar cells that synapse with the rods. What lobe of the brain processes auditory information? with the x and y coordinates of the vertices, respectively. -Anterior two-thirds of the tongue c. Visceral sensory neurons travel along the same pathway as many somatic sensory neurons.
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