In the electric power industry and other critical infrastructures, new ways are being sought to improve network efficiency by eliminating congestion problems without seriously diminishing reliability and security. 'eventAction': 'page_view', __gtagTrackerOptout(); Smart Decision, 2010, unpublished internal Alcatel-Lucent article. The best of American innovation is yet to come, and the smart grid must be part of our future. background: none !important; 2022 Same Page Publishing. As identified from the risk assessment, safe operating methods define a process that aims to develop and implement workplace-specific safety systems for work, equipment . 2011. Articles 1-20. More specifically, the operation of a modern power system depends on complex systems of sensors and automated and manual controls, all of which are tied together through communication systems. This would mean that either IEC 60950-1 or IEC 62368-1 are used to evaluate the communications and information technology subsystems, and communication links would be classified TNV, limited-power circuits, or the like if metallic, and other non-metallic communication technologies such as optical or wireless would be evaluated accordingly. } return; } Consumer Electronics Better sampling of usage and understanding demand patterns should allow the electric utilities to lower the use of power-generation plants, possibly saving millions of dollars by not having to build new plants to meet increases in power demand. The adjunct to the magazine is the monthly PES eNews Update. Today, security patches often are not supplied to end users, or users are not applying the patches, as they fear they will affect system performance. 'nonInteraction': 'non_interaction', This paper describes the security risks, security objectives and security research trends in smart grid. } Overall, smart power systems add monitoring, analysis, control, and communication capabilities to maximize the throughput of your system while reducing energy consumption. } As a core module of the online security analysis system, power system state estimation is a major part of a modern energy management system. Locally-generated electrical energy, such as that from photovoltaic systems, needs to be stored during accumulation cycles for use during peak demand cycles. 166 Smart Grid Safety and Security: Educational and Research Activities Disturbances in smart grid operation can originate from natural disasters, failures, human factors, terrorism, and so on. hitObject = { return; S. M. Amin, Energy infrastructure defense systems, Proc. S. Massoud Amin is with the University of Minnesota. Due to the gravity of these threats, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) policy statement on the smart grid states that cybersecurity is essential to the operation of the smart grid and that the development of cybersecurity standards is a key priority. A complex set of interconnected webs (source: EPRI, 2002present). return false; __gtagTracker('js', new Date()); In the smart grid (SG), energy management guarantees supply and demand balance while adhering to all system restrictions for cost-effective, dependable, and safe electrical system operation [4-7]. For example, if we have a smart meter with integral information technology and telecommunication interfaces, you could use the international or locally-adopted safety standard for power meters, then use IEC 62368-1 to evaluate the type of personnel that would require access to the smart meter (skilled, instructed, or ordinary), [3] and then determine the level of safeguarding necessary in such areas as isolation from the power equipment, isolation from the telecommunication equipment, construction of the enclosure as a safeguard against accessibility to shock and containment of fire, and so forth. It also points out known safety issues with localized electric power generation systems that will be more enabled by smart grid technology. } Furthermore, since it will be impossible to protect against all threats, smart meters must be able to detect even the most subtle unauthorized changes and precursors to tampering or intrusion. The interdependency analyses done by most companies in the last 1214 years (starting with the preparations for Y2K and continuing after the tragic events of 9/11) have identified these links and the systems vulnerability to their failure. Communications To help prevent this vulnerability, ensure the presence of battery backup coverage for all devices in your security system. From a strategic viewpoint, long-term developments and research issues relating to the defense of cyber and physical interdependent infrastructure networks must also be considered. if ('pageview' === hitObject.hitType) { This article provides a brief overview of smart-grid technology, and then explores the safety considerations that should be addressed in the design of smart grid technology equipment, particularly in low-voltage AC power applications operating below 1000 V AC. margin: 0 0.07em !important; Many older (and even some newer) systems do not have adequate battery backup, especially for auxiliary devices such as locks, relays, and strikes. 40, no. NY, The potential ramifications of network failures have never been greater, as the transportation, telecommunications, oil and gas, banking and finance, and other infrastructures depend on the continental power grid to energize and control their operations. Thus, with smart grid, there is the potential to modernize and advance the architecture of the power systems technology in the 21st century, as the newer technology has already advanced the telecommunications technology. 'location': 'page_location', The days and months that followed required extraordinary efforts from many, including alumni of the University of Minnesotas infrastructure systems engineering program. While the direct physical destruction of generators, substations, or power lines may be the most obvious strategy for causing blackouts, activities that compromise the operation of sensors, communications, and control systems by spoofing, jamming, or sending improper commands could also disrupt the system, cause blackouts, and in some cases result in physical damage to key system components. Bangladesh's railway system mostly uses typical manual railway crossing techniques or boom gates through its 2955.53 km rail route all over the country. According to the investigation, power system operation scenarios are classified into 3 categories: time-centered scenarios, process-centered scenarios and emergency-centered scenarios. window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; Energy storage systems are utilized for managing the peak power demand of the consumer load prole by discharging power during peak hours. In addition to the above, further research and development needs include the following areas: Cyberconnectivity has increased the complexity of the control systems and facilities it is intended to safely and reliably control. In remote locations, stand-alone systems can be more cost-effective than extending a power line to the electricity grid (the cost of which can range from $15,000 to $50,000 per mile). window[disableStrs[index]] = true; 3, pp. 2, pp. var pes_sso_base_url = "https:\/\/securesso.ieee.org\/ieeevendorsso\/"; Data stored at the meter and transmitted over communication networks must also meet standard cybersecurity requirements, including confidentiality, integrity, availability, and nonrepudiation. 93, no. Course Typically Offered: Online in Summer and Winter quarters. To protect control systems, well-established information security practices must also be utilized. Breaches into this data could expose customer habits and behaviors. Figure 3. Providing the desired flow on one line often results in loop flows on several other lines. What is most concerning about such reports is mainly one portion of an early article: The response to the alert was mixed. Transportation systems, including military and commercial aircraft and land and sea vessels, depend on communication and energy networks. To celebrate the beginning of the 21st century, the National Academy of Engineering set out to identify the single most important engineering achievement of the 20th century. He is a member of the Alcatel-Lucent Technical Academy. S. M. Amin, Securing the electricity grid, Bridge, vol. Initial systems were open-framed basic systems ranging from 5.5kW to 10kW. if (! Mr. Gies graduated from Rutgers University College of Engineering as an electrical engineer. Smart and Safe Power Alarm System . AMI enables consumer-friendly efficiency concepts like Prices to Devices. With this, assuming that energy is priced on what it costs in near real-time, price signals are relayed to smart home controllers or end-consumer devices like thermostats, washer/dryers, or refrigerators, typically the major consumers of electricity in the home. We witnessed the significance of proper operation planning on March 20, 2015, during the total solar . [2] Mr. Edison would not be familiar with nuclear power plants or photovoltaic cells, as these technologies were developed after his death in 1931. OPERATION Ensure batteries are installed (refer to battery wiring section). IEC 62116, Edition 1.0 2008-09, Test Procedure Of Islanding Prevention Measures For Utility-Interconnected Photovoltaic Inverters, International Electrotechnical Commission. Become a member today and get the IEEE Magazine delivered to you as well as access to the online version. substations are used to transform voltage at several times in many locations, that providing safe and reliable delivery of energy. The DOE has also stated that the ability to resist attack by identifying and responding to disruptions caused by sabotage is one of the smart grids seven crucial functions. /* <\/script>') Configurable and field upgradeable power supplies with output power from 50kW to 400kW. Possible threats to the electrical grid introduced by the use of AMI include: As more utilities move toward using Internet Protocol (IP)based systems for wide area communications and as the trend of using standardized protocols continues throughout the industry, maintaining the security of such devices will be critical. Since smart grids will involve the merger of new and familiar technologies, it would make sense to take a modular approach to safety. } This course provides an understanding of industrial high and low voltage power systems including safe operation on a wide range of power equipment. sensing, communication, data management, and mathematical and theoretical foundations to support a better, faster, and higher-confidence understanding of what is going on, leading to improved state and topology estimation and fast look-ahead simulation. The smart grid unlocks greener models. var p = Tracker.prototype; __gaTracker.loaded = true; Finally, no matter how many layers of security or how much sophistication is used in defense mechanisms, it is essential that the industry hire qualified people. __gtagTracker('event', action, hitConverted); Aerospace Information security frameworks for electric power utilities have also been developed by the International Council on Large Electric Systems (CIGRE). Such arguments have led to the recent moratoriums on AMI installations in numerous northern California communities and other areas throughout the country. This course provides best practices of modern distribution power systems. The power system includes the devices connected to the system like the synchronous generator, motor, transformer, circuit breaker, conductor, etc. }); The existing power delivery system is vulnerable to both natural disasters and intentional attack. var disableStrs = [ REED CITY, MISmart Power has introduced an exciting and powerful control system for its generators using an SAE J1939 approved format that integrates with a vehicle's multiplexing system. NIST, Guidelines for smart grid cyber security, The Smart Grid Interoperability PanelCyber Security Working Group, NISTIR 7628, Gaithersburg, MD, Aug. 2010. Smart meters will need to be cost-effective, since millions will need to be purchased and installed to replace antiquated analog devices. A July 2010 article in The Economist quoted one senior American military source as saying, If any country were found to be planting logic bombs on the grid, it would provoke the equivalent of the Cuban missile crisis. Furthermore, currently more than 90% of successful cyberattacks take advantage of known vulnerabilities and misconfigured operating systems, servers, and network devices. The safety aspects of the use of such devices were discussed at a meeting at the IAEA at the end of February. Human System Interactions, Catania, Italy, 2009, pp. 'eventCategory': arguments[2], __gaTracker.remove = noopfn; And they must also be robust as they will be deployed in very insecure locations. 'timing_complete' : hitObject.eventAction; The Academy compiled a list of twenty accomplishments that have affected virtually everyone in the world. All rights reserved. Some of these components are vulnerable to saboteurs with explosives or just high-powered rifles. The report also documented the potential costs of widespread outages, estimating them to be in the range of US$1 to US$5 per kWh of disrupted service, depending on the length of the outage, the types of customers affected, and a variety of other factors. This would require the highest levels of guarding against intentional access to hazardous voltages. Currently, Nick is the president of Electric Power & Energy Consulting (EPEC)and an adjunct professor withUC San Diego. Ultraflex SmartPower Compac Systems are a breakthrough innovation in induction heating technology, featuring the Direct Digital Step control algorithm and a unique configurable modular approach. Within the context of smart grids, there are different kinds of supporting technologies, such as smart meters that can help monitor energy consumption and promote more effective distribution.[1]. Accounting for all critical assets includes thousands of transformers, line reactors, series capacitors, and transmission lines. This state-of-the-art safety standard classifies energy sources, prescribes safeguards against those energy sources, and provides guidance on the application of, and requirements for those safeguards. Object.assign(hitObject, arguments[5]); A security framework is considered as the skeleton on which various elements are integrated for the appropriate management of security risk. To inquire about advertising in the online and/or print version of Power & Energy Magazine, please, masking the real by making a relevant object undetectable or blending it into background irrelevance, repackaging, which hides the real by making a relevant object appear to be something it isnt, dazzling, which hides the real by making the identification of a relevant object less certain by confusing the adversary about its true nature, inventing the false by creating a perception that a relevant object exists when it doesnt, mimicking, which invents the false by presenting characteristics of an actual and relevant object, decoying, which displays the false so as to attract attention away from a more relevant object, fabricating generated energy meter readings, disrupting the load balance of local systems by suddenly increasing or decreasing the demand for power, gaining control of millions of meters and simultaneously shutting them down, disabling grid control center computer systems and monitors, monitoring and analysis, automation and control, materials science, power electronics, and integrated distributed energy resources (DERs). hitObject = { Synchronous attendance is NOT required.You will have access to your online course on the published start date OR 1 business day after your enrollment is confirmed if you enroll on or after the published start date. The environmental benefits that smart grid technology can deliver are collectively demanded by most of Earths inhabitants at this time, and the decrease in dependence on fossil fuels and other nonrenewable power sources is also sought through this new technology. window['gtag'] = __gtagTracker; A smart grid is an electrical grid which includes a variety of operation and energy measures including: . P. H. Corredor and M. E. Ruiz, Against all odds, IEEE Power Energy Mag., vol. A legacy of proven protection and demonstrated innovation. Also, as the amount of off-theshelf, commercially-available ITE sub-components increases in the charging station, it becomes more infeasible to simply increase the spacings or the quality of insulation. __gaTracker.getAll = function () { 9, no. }); /*
Famous Immigrants Singers,
Norma Unger Biography,
Pros And Cons Of Living On Daufuskie Island,
Mobile Home Lots For Sale Tucson, Az,
How To Get To Thunder Bluff From Orgrimmar,
Articles S
