Warne's cap was purchased by the Commonwealth Bank[h] with a bid of A$1,007,500;[534] and Russell Crowe's Rabbitohs cap was auctioned with a winning bid in excess of A$500,000. [140] As of 27 December, the Gospers Mountain fire had burnt over 500,000 hectares (1,200,000 acres);[141] and, after burning approximately 512,000 hectares (1,270,000 acres) across the Lithgow, Hawkesbury and Central Coast local government areas, the NSW Rural Fire Service reported the fire as contained on 12 January 2020, stating that the fire was caused by a lightning strike on 26 October. In June 2019 the Queensland Fire and Emergency Service acting director warned of the potential for an early start to the bushfire season which normally starts in August. Fire-affected areas in Gippsland received between 20 millimetres (mm) and 60 mm of rain, and up to 40 mm was recorded in the states north-east. [506] The Royal Commission's report was presented to the Governor-General on 28 October 2020 and published on 30 October 2020. The fire impacted a large industrial area and threatened numerous properties before being brought under control by 9:30pm. Credit: Joe Armao The Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning estimates the fires affected more than . Philanthropists, corporate organisations, celebrities, and sportspeople donated to various fundraising appeals for bushfire victims and firefighters; estimated to total A$500million as of 19 January 2020. [465] Debate and controversy continue to surround previous funding cuts to fire management agencies, with other reports noting recent funding cuts to the National Parks & Wildlife Service, which is responsible for the planning and enforcement of prescribed burns in NSW national parks.[466][467][468][469][470]. ", "Australian Seasonal Bushfire Outlook: December 2019 HAZARD NOTES", "Bush Fire Danger Period and Fire Permits", "NSW RFS declares start of Bush Fire Danger Period", "Australia fires: Heavy rain extinguishes third of blazes in NSW", "Australia weather: How much rain did it take to put out NSW fires? [144][145][146], Because of the bushfires occurring in the surrounding regions, the Sydney metropolitan area suffered from dangerous smoky haze for several days throughout December, with the air quality being eleven times the hazardous level on some days,[147][148] making it even worse than New Delhi's,[149] where it was also compared to "smoking 32 cigarettes" by Associate Professor Brian Oliver, a respiratory diseases scientist at the University of Technology Sydney.[150]. [86] An investigation was begun by the Australian Transport Safety Bureau (ATSB) to determine the cause of the accident. Recent rainfall also contributed to the Omeo, Anglers Rest, Cobungra, Bindi, Hotham Heights, Glen Valley, Benambra, Swifts Creek, Omeo, Ensay, Tongio, the Blue Rag Range, Dargo and Tabberabbera bushfires all being contained. On one street there were only four houses still standing. Early in the morning on New Years Eve, the Banana Track fire reached the coastal town of Mallacoota in the states far east. At nearby Conjola Park, numerous homes were lost as the embers jumped across Conjola Lake, landing in gutters and lighting up houses. The so-called "Black Saturday Bushfires" are often called the worst natural disaster in Australia's history. [523] Pink donated US$500,000 (A$720,000), tweeting that she is "totally devastated watching what is happening in Australia right now. [188] By 11 January three fires had merged the Dunns Road fire, the East Ournie Creek, and the Riverina's Green Valley fire and had created a 600,000-hectare (1,482,632-acre) "mega-fire", burning south of the Snowy Mountains. [366] In January 2020, New Zealand also deployed elements of the Royal New Zealand Air Force and New Zealand Army including three NH90 helicopters, two Army combat engineer sections, and a command element. [479], Further controversy surrounded prime minister Scott Morrison for taking an overseas family holiday to Hawaii, United States, during the bushfires. Forty-one firefighters from the United States arrived to support firefighting operations, and a FFMV firefighter died in a two-vehicle collision. The series is produced by The Asylum, the same production company behind Z Nation, and is written and directed primarily by Hyams, with Abram Cox writing and directing additional . [114] In 201920, the fire season started early with drought affecting 95 percent of the state and persistent dry and warm conditions across the state. It came as increased requests for cash driven donations leveraging crowdfunding platforms like GoFundMe, or as a result of false links posted on Twitter. The 1851 Black Thursday bushfires shocked colonial Australia with their ferocity, burning a quarter of what is now Victoria (around 5million hectares (12million acres)). [259][260][261] The fire destroyed one facility, four outbuildings, and three vehicles. This collection commemorates the ten year anniversary of this event, bringing together a range of information, research and recovery resources. [266][267] An emergency warning was declared for Tharwa and the southern suburbs of Canberra particularly Banks, Gordon, and Conder just after 1:30pm AEST on 28 January. Several thousand people were isolated in the town and more than 60 homes were destroyed. Assessments were completed on foot and by drone, helicopter, boat and trail bike by more than 70 RFS staff and 15 volunteers, assisted by numerous other agency personnel. The fires burnt 6.2 per cent of the state the largest burnt area recorded in a single fire season in eastern Australia. Multiple states of emergency were declared across New South Wales,[38][39][40] Victoria,[41] and the Australian Capital Territory. Two mega-blazes were recorded in NSW. [309], At the Budj Bim heritage areas in Victoria the Gunditjmara people reported that when they inspected the site after fires moved across it, they found ancient channels and ponds that were newly visible after the fires burned much of the vegetation off the landscape. [322] On 4 January 2020, it announced that it would lease four waterbombing planes including two long-range DC-10s and two medium-range for use by state and territory governments. Fire near Cattai, NSW, claims a life and burns 12,000 ha. [245] However, conservationists raised concerns for the potential loss of rare and unique flora and fauna that live in the park, which contains over 1500 such species within its boundaries, including a rare population of quokkas (one of few in mainland Western Australia). [268][264] At midday on 31 January, Barr declared a state of emergency for the ACT, the first time such action had occurred since the 2003 fires. [272], There have been a number of large scale bushfires recorded in Australian history. The smoke plume from the 2019-2020 fires circled the mid-latitude regions of the southern hemisphere at least twice. It became the epicentre of the biggest forest fire to have started from a single ignition point that Australia has ever known, with 444,000 ha destroyed. [278], In December 2019, the air quality index (AQI) around Rozelle, an inner suburb of Sydney, hit 2,552 or more than 12 times the hazardous level of 200. [547], Maximum temperature deciles, January to November 2019, Rainfall deciles, January to November 2019, Public reaction and speculation over causes. Climate change fuelled Australia's devastating Black Summer. On 8 November, the fire broke through the containment line and impacted 30 houses in Lower Beechmont, resulting in the evacuation of the village. [250], Two fires continued to burn in January 2020. [257] Smoke from nearby bushfires continued to severely impact Canberra's air quality intermittently throughout January 2020. [121], Smaller fires in the area include the Myall Creek Road fire. Escape routes were cut off and an estimated 4,000 people gathered on the towns foreshore, protected by the local Country Fire Authority (CFA) brigade, three CFA strike teams, FFMV firefighters and VIC Police personnel. They have given all the profits from 23 January 2020 to the Reforest New project. by Ben Knight, University of New South Wales. The 45-second spot is reminiscent of the Black Summer bushfire season of 2019 to 2020, when devastating bush fires spread throughout the east of Australia, including large parts of New South Wales. [520], Corporate organisations to make donations or pledges included the Seven Group and Kerry Stokes' private investment firm, ACE Capital Equity, a combined total of A$10million;[521] Tim Cook from Apple, an undisclosed amount;[522] the NAB and News Corp Australia, A$5million each; Coles Group, A$4million (of which A$3million was in gift cards); the Australian Football League, A$2.5million; BHP, A$2million; Westpac and Woolworths, A$1.5million each; Facebook, A$1.25million; and Amazon, the ANZ Bank, the Atlassian Foundation, the Commonwealth Bank,[g] Orica, Qantas, and Rio Tinto, A$1million each;[520] and Canva and the San Diego Zoo, A$500,000 each. Much of the vegetation in Australia has evolved to survive, thrive in and even promote frequent exposure to fire. See the report for further information on the incident. From 1 July to 31 December, southern NSW experienced eight declared bushfire emergencies and 21 total fire bans. But what causes these bushfires and why has this bushfire season been so significant? The report acknowledges the following sources: Emergency Management Victoria; Country Fire Authority; Forest Fire Management Victoria; Bureau of Meteorology; The Age. [33][34] By comparison, in 2018, Australia's total carbon emissions were equivalent to 535million tonnes (590million short tons) of CO2, the greenhouse gas emissions surpassed Australia's normal annual bushfire and fossil fuel emissions by ~80%. This incident was included in theMajor Incidents Report 2019-20(AIDR 2020). At first they used fire to clear land but as they put up fences and buildings, raised crops and increased their herds, uncontrolled burning became a threat to life and property. Author Christopher R Dickman 1 Affiliation 1 School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. A total of 38 personnel, consist of 26 army engineers, 6 Korps Marinir personnel, 4 Air Force facility construction personnel, and 2 TNI Medical Department personnel. The fires occurred during extreme bushfire weather conditions and resulted in Australia's highest-ever loss of human life from a bushfire, with 173 . A wide range of disaster assistance payments and allowances were made available through joint Commonwealth-State arrangements to assist individuals, primary producers, businesses, non-profit organisations and local governments that had been impacted by the bushfires. Most of the 44 fires sparked by dry lightning were quickly dealt with by firefighters. One hundred and ten new fires broke out that day; a fire near Marthavale grew rapidly, endangering the communities of Tambo Crossing, Ensay and others. 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